5 10 72 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/a01e59da51bafcd94a28a8681b4917da.gif 8a0641026e6938fd6c91fcf6ac1d150a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Text Any textual data included in the document Executive Mansion, Washington, June 29, 1863. My dear Sir: I have received, and read, your pencil note. I think you do not know how embarrassing your request is-- Few things are so troublesome to the government as the fierceness with which the profits of trading in cotten are sought-- The temptation is so great that nearly every body wishes to be in it; and when in, the question of profit controls all, regardless of whether the cotten seller is loyal or rebel, or whether he is paid in corn-meal or gun-powder-- The officers of the army, in numerous intances, are believed to connive and share the profits, and thus the army itself is diverted from fighting the rebels to speculating in cotten; and steam-boats and wagons in the pay of the government, are set to gathering and carrying cotten, and the soldiers to loading cotten-trains and guarding them-- The matter deeply affects the Treasury and War Departments, and has been discussed again and again in the Cabinet-- What can, and what can not be done, has, for the time been settled, and it seems to me I can not safely break over it. I know it is thought that one case is not much, but how can I favor one and deny another-- One case can not be kept a secret-- The authority given would be utterly ineffectual until it is shown; and when shown, every body knows of it. The administration would do for you as much as for any other man; and I personally would do some more than for most others; but really I can not involve myself and the Government as this would do. Yours as ever A. Lincoln Citation Chicago Lincoln, Abraham. Abraham Lincoln to William Kellogg, June 29, 1863 (Cotton permit for Amos Babcock). Letter. From Library of Congress, The Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/245/2450700/malpage.db&recNum=0 (Accessed December 11, 2016) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter from Abraham Lincoln to William Kellogg, Monday, June 29, 1863 (Cotton permit for Amos Babcock) Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 United States--History--Abraham Lincoln United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Description An account of the resource Abraham Lincoln to William Kellogg, rejecting his attempts to secure a cotton permit for former Illinois legislator, Amos Babcock. Lincoln scolded Kellogg for his single-minded pursuit of a permit and observed the corruption already associated with the system. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abraham Lincoln Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-06-29 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PCP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource gif Language A language of the resource English abraham lincoln civil war cotton permits slavery william kellogg https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/dc6c193afe0f1ab3e0bf5d6971eed893.png edb08cc0ab14cf6e52afc64bde6fd5a9 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/9909648023a1f26bcec316fec39d0e79.pdf 0c08b0b2fdb65ea636063bc645a189cc https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/b5d32a9341abb6e80f6d224a00a80938.pdf b9f9996b4853083ce8dc50c0c5293487 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/3cdea85940220a29252b63388ad98f1e.pdf 36d206b62dc3a95746ed359f36475559 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/9f3999eb6bab8e94edd4b286000b90ba.pdf 5b6db209acd1b015e2bc6dd5a2f6c753 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/3cc5ec0790c03b0d69dc5f0e02604c36.pdf 941aeba03cf0ac255dcbec9778b0a351 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago Washburne, Elihu, "Washburne’s Report on Trade with the Rebellious States, 38th Congress, 2nd session, Committee on Commerce Investigative Report to accompany Bill H. R. No. 805, Investigating Trade with Confederate States.” March 1, 1865 (Accessed from HathiTrust November 2016, Original from New York Public Library) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433113857365 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Excerpts from Washburne’s Report on Trade with the Rebellious States Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Cotton Confederate States of America--Economic conditions Description An account of the resource 38th Congress Committee on Commerce Investigative Report to accompany Bill H. R. No. 805; Investigating Trade with Confederate States. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Elihu Washburne, 38th Congress; Committee on Commerce Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived New York Public Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1865-03-03 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource pdf and png 38th congress abraham lincoln civil war corruption cotton permits eliju washburn https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/53e71d723b26e8d7f8937b3fde0a89f6.png 970f859ea9d9f79ed7451bf2bfe8318b https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/f5ac22b0e3a55f0a744fbdf89c278ce0.png d8fc92ccd4e3101c96a5e3ecaccaaa71 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Citation Chicago James Henry Hammond, Speech on the Admission of Kansas, Under the Lecompton Constitution, delivered in the Senate of the United States, March 4, 1858. Book. Selections from the letters and speeches of the Hon. James H. Hammond, New York, J. F. Trow & Co., printers, 1866. https://archive.org/details/ASPC0005213600 (Accessed from Internet Archive November 2016). Text Any textual data included in the document Excerpt: What would happen if no cotton was furnished for three years? I will not stop to depict what every one can imagine, but this is certain: England would topple headlong and carry the whole civilized world with her, save the south. No, thou dare not make war on cotton. No power on earth dares to make war upon it. Cotton is king. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource South Carolina Senator James Henry Hammond "Cotton is King" speech on floor of Senate Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War Description An account of the resource Excerpts from a speech delivered in the senate before the civil war, South Carolina senator James Henry Hammond warned of dire consequences if the south was unable to deliver cotton to the world. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource James Henry Hammond Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1858-03-04 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource png Language A language of the resource English Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Internet Archive; Book contributor New York Public Library; Ditigized by Microsoft civil war confederacy cotton cotton is king james hammond slavery https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/e00c5eeec11fd8acc5523f3855189340.jpg 5f07f62b3a9e54adccce6a8b21b0940a https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/c2fddfa4383ac7c3a76300ac6ddb7d03.gif 6f4f4b047b56001751cefdacce15e5bd https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/70f62c3eae3d91b795983218bf4d9be4.gif 681230ac7b6e1deb09e16f67b585c020 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/e50feba3cacdfc5b442c2e1c3141423c.gif 37babffcaa05d7f59734e86ea1b949a1 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/cbed00997faa7bdb8944060a9b8a4f5b.gif 52fa5aec03f8a83a2824356e6fa6f74b https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/b6a1608ebe6b52adde702bceee1ea190.gif ff3b4b3cd1adff688fd7b5bb3958994e https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/574a5b5c45c38c45db49a281b2e0fde9.gif 0ba19ce49db1c19a7c81641bc92d372e https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/bac1ac2d0013da54a03603b063afb0b6.gif 0145f0df4840802ded1312dc5fa67a42 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Text Any textual data included in the document Keokuk Iowa July 1st 1863 Dear Captain Yours of the 28th Ulto is duly received and I am glad you privately Advised one of the Commission of the infernal conspiracy that has been for over ten months employed in efforts to ruin me. First the Employment of men like Baker to hunt up material. Then calling a Court to give consequence to whatever Baker and others had or could find against me. Placing me in a quasi trial without the right to know my accusers my accusations or any thing only such as my Enemies smuggled out to publish exparte against me. I could not go before the public because this would seem like a criminal declaiming of his innocence to a jury before the jury had the evidence. I could not bring up evidence to refute because no charges were made. I asked for a Court of Enquiry into my affairs but that was not granted.-- Thus for over ten months I have been pursued by Secret foes who have done all in their power to collect slander and hold it in readiness to blast my reputation not to try me or allow me to throw off the burden.-- If I had plead guilty to every lie they propegated I would perhaps have fared better for they had to invent crimes to make me culpable. But you say the Court has adjourned. They have been in session three months and a half at least.-- I am glad to hear that the only lawyer on the Court says there is no Evidence against me. I have seen nothing myself that could properly be called Evidence Except it may be when Genl Hovey swore that he heard me say I had bought Whites cotten which had already been explained by myself and Winslow and may have been by others, that I confiscated the White property as Contraband and that I turned it over to my Quartermaster and that I could not have seen or known as to who did buy the Cotton. Hovey either lied or he was mistaken as to what I did say and the proof is before the Commission. From the first there has been a fuss about the White Cotton about which I know nothing only that I arrested a dabling officer Murdock who interfered with the Negro Sam who I had told to take care of everything. When I went to Arkansas I had just as much right to buy Cotton as any body. I was urged at Batesville to do so and also at Helena but I did not because I did not wish to be bothered.-- When the excitement began to make Cotton trade a general matter of demoralization to my army, I made the effort to restrain the mischeif and drew down upon myself the suspicion that I was interested in the restraint and all who were precluded from the lines became implacable foes. Malice, envy, and ambition have Carried the matter forward.-- But these knaves cannot claims my removal as their victory. The Pro Slavery anti Provost Marshall Anti Collection of forfeited bonds anti guarding the treasury against R road bond Stock jobbl jobbers and Anti war Copperheads ought to have the Entire credit of my removal. The Presidents letters prove this.5 Their Publication was against my instructions, but I cannot suppose the President can object or will care for: They could not have been sent solely for my own eye. They vindicate him against the imputation of removing me for offences the proof of which could not then have come before him as the Commission of Enquiry had then no competent proof and had not reported.-- True the reason he did give may not be satisfactory to all my friends yet I think most persons will perceive that he acted with good motives on false representations made by men he had reason to credit.-- The Public will make these men accountable and Henderson and Broadhead seem to feel the blows which are inflicted. They justly deserve it. I do not know Henderson. He must testify solely from hear say and he is placed in a bad position because he makes himself a volunteer witness against me now not for the good of the Service but to excuse himself for his own part taken in the matter.-- He hopes to save himself by sinking me. As to Broadhead he speaks of duplicity-- He is one of the Self constituted Committee that came and told me they were going to keep the Administration posted so as to prevent needless interference at Washington with my administration and asked me for a letter to the President. Supposing they were sincere I wrote endorsing them in the strongest terms. I often wondered that I seldom or never saw any of them to confer with as I supposed I would in regard to measures. Broadhead did once on his return from Washington bring me an order of General Granger published in Kentucky on the Negro question which he Broadhead desired me to introduce into my administration, but which I very respectfully declined. He was in a hurry at the time and I could not fully explain my reasons. It seems instead of representing me he took up false statements as evidence of my duplicity and thereupon instead of sustaining or enquiring he urged my removal! What do you think he means by duplicity if he did not dupe me & all others who regarded him as true and honourable.-- I see by the shift he has secured the place of Col Dick having no doubt the affections of Govr Gamble and his jugler at Washington the Atty Genl. I hope the day will come when Missouri will be relieved from such representation-- My wife joins in kind regards to all our friends especially your good wife and children. If you go East make it your special business to inform the President of my innocence in the publication of his letters and assure him it was against my injunctions & wishes.-- That I saught only to show copies to friend but they thought it necessary to vindicate the President and myself against falsehood & convict the real actors in their duplicity.-- I remain Captain Very truly Your friend S. R. Curtis Maj Genl Citation Chicago Curtis, Samuel R. Samuel R. Curtis to Richard McAllister, Wednesday, July 01, 1863 (Defends his conduct in purchasing cotton). Letter. Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage. Accessed December 11, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Samuel R. Curtis to Richard McAllister, Wednesday, July 01, 1863 Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Description An account of the resource Major General Samuel Curtis flatly denied any speculation, profiteering, or abuse of power in his letter to Commissary of Subsistence Richard McAllister. Curtis attributes the charges to "an infernal conspiracy" and is adamant that he never sold any cotton, only confiscated and turned over contraband to his Quartermaster. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Samuel R. Curtis Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-07-01 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource gif Language A language of the resource English civil war confederacy corruption cotton cotton permits https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/8c569540142cba96e4cc6bb318b34c9a.pdf c0a106ac804f2dca8e4e4e401658e8dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Periodical Newspaper Article Producer Name (or names) of the person who produced the video Boston Daily Advertiser Citation Chicago "The Cotton Supply and the Blockade." Boston Daily Advertiser. May 15, 1863. America's Historical Newspapers. Accessed December 11, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Cotton Supply and the Blockade Subject The topic of the resource Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Blockades United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Description An account of the resource This report in the Boston Daily Advertiser used the Manchester Cotton Report to estimate the amount of cotton that had evaded the Union blockade. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived America's Historical Newspapers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-05-15 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This entire product and/or portions thereof are copyrighted by NewsBank and/or the American Antiquarian Society. 2004. Reproduced here under Fair Use. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English blockade civil war confederacy cotton https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/423483186a5aa0242775fb1e39232db7.jpg 96701e238d46ef17ffe2f234b83f4fd8 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/e34eb77b6fa8b7d0b5a0433965daa29c.gif bf77fffb874de50a71695e7a57705989 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Text Any textual data included in the document New Orleans, 18. December 1863. Sir: I concur in the opinion so generally entertained, that it is for the interest of the country to deplete the Rebel territory of that species of property, which is made the basis of credit for the Rebel govememt with foreign nations-- But great care is neccessary to avoid an injury to ourselves in the operation-- Unless the ultimate and final disposition of the proceeds of this property be ascertained we may find that the munitions of war furnshed to the Rebels -- and the pirates -- that prey upon our commerce -- may be paid for, and supported by Rebel products passing throgh our hands to the markets of the world. No commercial advantages -- can counterbalance so great a wrong as this-- In april I recconded that the cotton in western & northern Louisiana, be allowed to find a market, one half, or 50. per centum of the proceeds of sales, being retained by the Governemt: but the Secretary of War, thought it then inexpedient, to adopt this policy. The agents selected for the execution of the plan proposed -- should be designated by the General governemt-- These two points guarded, -- protection from public injury by the mis-appropiation of the proceeds, of the sale of this property & the selection of proper agents if it cannot be made a general trade.-- I see no objection to the proposal made by the Treasury Agents of the Department I have the honor to be With high respect Your Obendt Servt N. P. Banks M. G. C Citation Chicago Banks, Nathaniel P. Nathaniel P. Banks to Abraham Lincoln, Friday, December 18, 1863 (Cotton trade). Letter. Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal2/426/4267700/malpage.db&recNum=0. Accessed December 11, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nathaniel P. Banks to Abraham Lincoln, Friday, December 18, 1863 Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Description An account of the resource Major General Nathaniel P. Banks wrote to Lincoln in late 1863 to urge caution in the cotton trade. Banks was adamant that no amount of profit could counterbalance the certain wrong of finding "the munitions of war furnshed [sic] to the Rebels." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nathaniel P. Banks Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-12-18 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg/gif Language A language of the resource English abraham lincoln civil war confederacy cotton https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/07be1371d68abce8fae4ae326f6ab026.jpg 0e59bd72aed9c9244d18aa088c4f3103 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/efe317826c2eb24f9eac4662cbf0a21f.gif 73b0814dc5a97568fde46beefe4c150d https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/8d1e01c05ad797e0c48e2f60fff8190a.gif 09ac03a8242b005bb31c74bad71256c0 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/2be61621b0cfb19eea9c219fad6fbc0d.gif 9dfa2b9b2418c201913c34d3270e0e66 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Text Any textual data included in the document Head Quarters, Army of the Tenn, Before Vicksburg Feby 19th 1863. Dear Sir When I left you in November I intended, according to my promise to have written you much sooner in reference to the Cotton question; but constant engagements have prevented. I came from Memphis in charge of the transports of this fleet, and have been with the army ever since; and had a good opportunity for observation and testing the correctness of the opinions I expressed to you. The result of my observations and conversations with those best able to judge correctly fully confirms me in the correctness of the ground assumed and presented by you to the Cabinet when I last saw you, and it is a matter of surprise to all our nonspeculating Officers here that nothing has been done by the Government to correct these great and palpably existing evils and to take the direct control of so important a subject. The objects of such interference being: 1st To prevent the demoralization of the Army, the wrongs constantly committed by unprincipled cotton speculators, and the introduction of Contraband of war; 2nd To obtain Cotton for commerce; 3rd As the rebellion has advanced the price of cotton, to secure such advance to the Government to go towards defraying the expenses of the war. There are other minor objects, but these are the leading ones.-- The means proposed are: 1st Declare that all the Cotton between the Gulf and the Ohio River belongs either to the Government or the producer, and that no one can move the Cotton from those limits except the Government; 2nd Fix upon a price to be paid for Cotton at certain points -- say for example at Memphis fifteen (15) cents -- and a like sum at other adjacent places, less the cost of transportation to Memphis, and pay that in Government funds to all who will voluntarily sell; 3rd Declare that unless Cotton is voluntarily brought out for sale it will be seized and not paid for; 4th Ship all Cotton to certain points -- say that from the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi above Vicksburgh (till the river is open to New Orleans) to Cairo and then sell it at public vendue on a certain day in each week, giving everybody an opportunity to purchase 5th Keep an accurate accounts of all purchases and remit same with nett proceeds weekly to the Treasury Department. That something should promptly be done on this subject by the Government, I do not think admits of a doubt in the minds of those here best advised, and most capable of judging correctly and honestly. As to the details of the mode of doing it there might be a variety of opinions, but all agree on the main point viz: that Government must assume the ownership or control of all Cotton not in the hands of the producer, and that no other parties must be allowed to transport the article beyond the prescribed limits. That of itself puts an end to most of the existing evils. There is then no longer any temptation to the Officers of the Army to swerve from their duty to obtain unjust gain. The temptations to the unprincipled speculator to introduce contraband of war is then also almost equally removed, as he ceases to get his pay in cotton at such temptingly low rates. The idea that free trade should always go wherever the flag goes is as I think an error. When the authority of the Government and laws is fully restored this will do, but not till then; and I think all well advised persons will tell you that an endless amount of rascality is the result of opening trade to Memphis and Helena, with no corresponding good. The fact is the people at and below Memphis are generally unmitigated rebels, and all the efforts to moderate their madness by the allurements of trade have been entirely unsuccessful. Experience shows that the inconvenience and sufferings from lack of trade have a much better tendency. The only way is to crush the rebellion by the force of our arms and till that is done it is useless to try and coax the people into loyalty with the prospects of an abundance of Coffee and Salt. How much Cotton will be brought out under this plan might be a question, but if the amount is not large the wrong prevented will be an ample compensation for the effort. If some such plan is not adopted I should say; then open the trade entirely and let any and everybody come in and purchase cotton, and not confine the business to the few fortunate enough to get permits subject to the charge of favoritism and to be a source of annoyance to our commanding Generals. I know I but express the earnest wish of our leading Officers when I say that something decisive should be promptly done, and that all the temporary plans have been so far worse than failures. I venture the opinion that you could not more gratify such Officers as Generals Grant, Sherman, McClernand, Steel, Morgan &c., &c., than to shut out all cotton sharpers who are a source of ceaseless trouble and interruption to their pressing official duties. The Treasury or War Departments can certainly find some proper man to put in charge and try the plan; and surely the business could not be worse managed than at present. A little experience would no doubt suggest improvements As I told you in W. I do not wish nor would I willingly consent in anyway to be connected with it. On the contrary, I desire and hope soon to be transfered to the Army in the field and get out of the Quarter-Masters Department and all like service. Very Respectfully Lewis B. Parsons [ Endorsed on Envelope by Lincoln:] Lewis B. Parsons on the Cotten question. Citation Chicago Parsons, Lewis B. Lewis B. Parsons to Montgomery Blair, Thursday, February 19, 1863 (Cotton question). Letter. Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/218/2184500/malpage.db&recNum=0. Accessed December 11, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lewis B. Parsons to Montgomery Blair, Thursday, February 19, 1863 Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Description An account of the resource Quartermaster Lewis B. Parsons wrote to share his observations of the cotton trade in occupied territory. Considering the widespread speculation in cotton among officers, he recommended that all cotton be declared the property of either the federal government or the producer, which Parsons believed would "puts an end to most of the existing evils." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lewis B. Parsons Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-02-19 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource gif Language A language of the resource English abraham lincoln civil war confederacy cotton cotton permits https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/ac723460d99326c93d9d913e3808a932.pdf 479b0d747c178a7dcfd309c3f1984081 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/9485ae80d15135982184480ae7e1f7d4.pdf 75c5ac7743d13b855784b307678d93af https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/ed261fab847019556b44010336e4ce07.pdf ef18e46e3e0bfbb82b11a746e9dba0bc https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/b650f39c3c997ac09318a20142926523.pdf ae992ade14dcbe5535d403641927f680 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Rathbone letter Description An account of the resource A letter from William Rathbone to his son, noting distress among the poor in Liverpool Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource William Rathbone https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/02f5fa497cdfc0829d7d309f7f6c1b64.pdf 1061893e05c5664ad8e8d5b689c8a090 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/cdfc0fea1a25bab8321bcacc3f75bb79.pdf 9f36841da5a041edea5266b5a446c3d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago Rathbone, William. “William Rathbone V to William Rathbone VI, March 4, 1862." Letter. From University of Liverpool Library, Special Collections & Archives, "Rathbone Papers, 1721-1971.” Letter cited in Chapter 9 of Empire of Cotton: A Global History by Sven Beckert. New York: Vintage Books, 2015. Text Any textual data included in the document Excerpt: The distress among the poor here and in the manufacturing districts is great, and I fear on the increase. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter from William Rathbone V to William Rathbone VI Subject The topic of the resource Great Britain--History--19th century Liverpool (England)--Politics and government United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 Description An account of the resource A letter from William Rathbone V, a wealthy Liverpool merchant and politician, to his son William Rathbone VI, noting distress among the poor in Liverpool. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource William Rathbone V Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University of Liverpool Special Collections & Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1862-03-04 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Reproduction here courtesy of University of Liverpool Special Collections & Archives. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English civil war england liverpool william rathbone V william rathbone VI https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/ff179308a245e8bd01b7077c58a3a936.jpg 04495230e20b22150dd930cb22004bcf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Creating the Capital of Capital: New York City's Forgotten Dutch Beginnings Description An account of the resource As the “capital of capital,” New York City’s identity is strongly tied to its position as a center for world trade. This collection and corresponding online exhibition demonstrates the relevance of the city’s little understood and often overlooked predecessor, New Netherland, by exploring the direct and lasting impact of this striving Dutch settlement on the development of New York City as a global economic powerhouse. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2016 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY - You can distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this collection, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit. For more information, click <a title="here" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">here</a>. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 -1664) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Digital Photograph Citation Chicago Tracy McFarlan. Photograph of New Amsterdam City Hall Today. Photograph. December 12, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photograph of New Amsterdam City Hall Today Subject The topic of the resource New York (N.Y.)--Buildings, structures, etc Description An account of the resource This brick outline marks the the present-day site where New Amsterdam's City Hall formerly stood. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tracy McFarlan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Tracy McFarlan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 12, 2016 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New York City (2016) 2016 commemoration government new york new york city nyc present day https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/eb71e3481abb461bdac370ec64cd640f.jpg 99a351fdbd1477fc2d0c601d1571e86c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Drawing/Painting A image created by an artist by hand using elements such as paint, pencil, etc. Materials Wood engraving. Citation Chicago The levee at Memphis, Tenn.-Hauling sugar and cotton from their hiding-places for shipment north / sketched by Mr. Alex Simplot. 1862. Image. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/95504268/. (Accessed December 12, 2016.) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The levee at Memphis, Tenn. Subject The topic of the resource Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Description An account of the resource Engraving for Harper's Weekly of cotton and sugar brought out to be sold after the fall of Memphis to the Union Army. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alex Simplot Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1862-07-05 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Language A language of the resource English civil war confederacy cotton