2 10 72 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/4bb153ec9a97b105ab2faa8c3535b51e.pdf eca9ebd3313edfe16ff244784c79f68a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Creating the Capital of Capital: New York City's Forgotten Dutch Beginnings Description An account of the resource As the “capital of capital,” New York City’s identity is strongly tied to its position as a center for world trade. This collection and corresponding online exhibition demonstrates the relevance of the city’s little understood and often overlooked predecessor, New Netherland, by exploring the direct and lasting impact of this striving Dutch settlement on the development of New York City as a global economic powerhouse. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2016 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY - You can distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this collection, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit. For more information, click <a title="here" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">here</a>. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 -1664) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago <em>Flushing Remonstrace</em>. Manuscript. From New York State Archives. http://digitalcollections.archives.nysed.gov/index.php/Detail/Object/Show/object_id/10487. (accessed November 2016). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flushing Remonstrance Subject The topic of the resource New York (N.Y.)--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 Dutch Americans Economic history--1600-1750 Description An account of the resource The Flushing Remonstrance, signed on December 27, 1657, was a petition by a group of English citizens who were affronted by persecution of Quakers and the religious policies of Peter Stuyvesant, Director General of New Netherland. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unidentified Author Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived New York State Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1657-12-27 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 - 1664) advocacy government new amsterdam new netherland pluralism religion rights tolerance https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/d823e7f8b578a1dc6974ec679617c693.jpg 2bb80358fd952e9ddda39920ad5f94a8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Creating the Capital of Capital: New York City's Forgotten Dutch Beginnings Description An account of the resource As the “capital of capital,” New York City’s identity is strongly tied to its position as a center for world trade. This collection and corresponding online exhibition demonstrates the relevance of the city’s little understood and often overlooked predecessor, New Netherland, by exploring the direct and lasting impact of this striving Dutch settlement on the development of New York City as a global economic powerhouse. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2016 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY - You can distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this collection, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit. For more information, click <a title="here" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">here</a>. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 -1664) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago <em>Records of New Amsterdam, Ordinances 1647-1661</em>. Manuscript. From Municipal Library Collections, New York City Department of Records and Information Services, New York. http://www.archives.nyc/newamsterdam/dutch/. (accessed November 2016). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Records of New Amsterdam, Ordinances 1647-1661 Subject The topic of the resource New York (N.Y.)--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 Dutch Americans Economic history--1600-1750 Description An account of the resource This is an edict from October 10, 1658 on the conversion rate between wampum, beaver, Dutch silver, and household commodities like beer, wine, and bread. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unidentified Author Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived New York City Department of Records and Information Services Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1658-10-10 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Dutch Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 - 1664) beaver fur government money new amsterdam new netherland trade transaction https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/8bec115fe23e4e84640dde4ac8fe5dfe.jpg c972e79b8acfde1f772a2d4dbd67eb3e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Garra Zhinin and Shira Feldman Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th & 21st Centuries Subject The topic of the resource Community Gardens New York City Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016.12.19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY, except for items where use has been granted by the copyright holder. Please contact copyright holder for collection items still under copyright. Description An account of the resource Both the literal and physical “place” of community gardens in New York City have a long and varied history. This archive is a collection of items that complement the digital exhibit, “Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens” and seeks to explore four distinct areas of the city’s community garden history. These topics include the Progressive era’s School Garden Movement, World War II era Victory Gardens, community garden activism in the 1970s, and community gardens under the Rudy Guiliani and Mike Bloomberg administrations. Photograph Any image, either digital or analog, taken with a camera and reproduced. Citation Chicago The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Photography Collection, The New York Public Library. "[Planting a garden.]" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed November 21, 2016. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e3-6d68-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Planting a Garden Description An account of the resource Group of New York public school children in a school garden plot Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Schauffler, Alfred Theodore Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource unknown Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Zhinin children community garden garden plot new york city progressive education school garden https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/5f85b4de79c03314a945d033916a3910.jpg 7b8faefcf634b2889ec150a9d5df0c80 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Garra Zhinin and Shira Feldman Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th & 21st Centuries Subject The topic of the resource Community Gardens New York City Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016.12.19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY, except for items where use has been granted by the copyright holder. Please contact copyright holder for collection items still under copyright. Description An account of the resource Both the literal and physical “place” of community gardens in New York City have a long and varied history. This archive is a collection of items that complement the digital exhibit, “Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens” and seeks to explore four distinct areas of the city’s community garden history. These topics include the Progressive era’s School Garden Movement, World War II era Victory Gardens, community garden activism in the 1970s, and community gardens under the Rudy Guiliani and Mike Bloomberg administrations. Photograph Any image, either digital or analog, taken with a camera and reproduced. Citation Chicago Jacob A. (Jacob August) Riis (1849-1914). "DeWitt Clinton Park in Manhattan, Children's Farm-School, September 19th 1902." Museum of the City of New York. 2001.41.1. Accessed November 21, 2016 http://collections.mcny.org/Collection/DeWitt%20Clinton%20Park%20in%20Manhattan,%20Children's%20Farm-School,%20September%2019th%201902.-2F3XC58TMDRM.html Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DeWitt Clinton Park in Manhattan, Children's Farm-School Subject The topic of the resource School gardens Community gardens Progressive education--United States--History New York (N.Y.)--History--1898-1951 Description An account of the resource Young girls watering crops at DeWitt Clinton Park in Manhattan in September of 1902. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Riis, Jacob A. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902-09-19 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Zhinin Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the Collections of the Museum of the City of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Fair use children community garden dewitt clinton park farm school garden plot labor new york city progressive education school garden https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/42dd54147b6a0eaaf3c87f677db513a5.jpg f799135b0c5dc52617d9b793f0ce9c1b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Garra Zhinin and Shira Feldman Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th & 21st Centuries Subject The topic of the resource Community Gardens New York City Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016.12.19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY, except for items where use has been granted by the copyright holder. Please contact copyright holder for collection items still under copyright. Description An account of the resource Both the literal and physical “place” of community gardens in New York City have a long and varied history. This archive is a collection of items that complement the digital exhibit, “Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens” and seeks to explore four distinct areas of the city’s community garden history. These topics include the Progressive era’s School Garden Movement, World War II era Victory Gardens, community garden activism in the 1970s, and community gardens under the Rudy Guiliani and Mike Bloomberg administrations. Photograph Any image, either digital or analog, taken with a camera and reproduced. Citation Chicago Robert L. Bracklow (1849-1919), "Childrens School Farm," Museum of the City of New York. 93.91.405. Accessed November 21, 2016. http://collections.mcny.org/Collection/Childrens%20School%20Farm-2F3XC5U0N4P6.html Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Childrens School Farm Subject The topic of the resource School gardens New York (N.Y.)--History Community gardens Description An account of the resource Photograph of sign reading "Childrens School Farm - Exhbited by The International Children's School Farm League of New York City." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bracklow, Robert L. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1870-1910 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Zhinin Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived From the Collections of the Museum of the City of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Fair Use childrens school farm dewitt clinton park international children's school farm league new york city school farm school garden https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/22fe0b52833a9910a4c0ff0da933ae1b.jpeg 47f3773f05080d28c825530b355e8797 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Garra Zhinin and Shira Feldman Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th & 21st Centuries Subject The topic of the resource Community Gardens New York City Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016.12.19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY, except for items where use has been granted by the copyright holder. Please contact copyright holder for collection items still under copyright. Description An account of the resource Both the literal and physical “place” of community gardens in New York City have a long and varied history. This archive is a collection of items that complement the digital exhibit, “Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens” and seeks to explore four distinct areas of the city’s community garden history. These topics include the Progressive era’s School Garden Movement, World War II era Victory Gardens, community garden activism in the 1970s, and community gardens under the Rudy Guiliani and Mike Bloomberg administrations. Photograph Any image, either digital or analog, taken with a camera and reproduced. Citation Chicago William D. Hassler Photograph Collection, "Children working in the Isham Park school garden, New York City, August 16, 1915. Upper Garden," New-York Historical Society. Accessed October 25, 2016. http://dcmny.org/islandora/object/photosnycbeyond%3A47546 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Children working in the Isham Park school garden, New York City, August 16, 1915. Upper Garden Subject The topic of the resource School gardens Community gardens New York (N.Y.)--History--1898-1951 Progressive education Description An account of the resource Children working in the Isham Park school garden, New York City, August 16, 1915. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hassler, William Davis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915-08-16 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Zhinin Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived New-York Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Fair Use children community garden isham park labor new york city school garden https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/574432820add897b3a6e8ecb81d19bca.png b17970ca768b32d63015f18f4c34c4a2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Garra Zhinin and Shira Feldman Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th & 21st Centuries Subject The topic of the resource Community Gardens New York City Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016.12.19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY, except for items where use has been granted by the copyright holder. Please contact copyright holder for collection items still under copyright. Description An account of the resource Both the literal and physical “place” of community gardens in New York City have a long and varied history. This archive is a collection of items that complement the digital exhibit, “Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens” and seeks to explore four distinct areas of the city’s community garden history. These topics include the Progressive era’s School Garden Movement, World War II era Victory Gardens, community garden activism in the 1970s, and community gardens under the Rudy Guiliani and Mike Bloomberg administrations. Advertisement A notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, business, or event or publicizing a job vacancy. Text Any textual data included in the document Name's Flower Shop Elm at Livingston St., B'klyn Market In Your Own Back Yard! PLANT A Victory Garden! Help to avert serious food shortages this year. Answer your Government's call for 20,000,000 Victory Gardens and choose all your gardening needs at Namm's. 7-in-1 VEGETABLE SEEDS Here are the seven most popular vegetable seeds conveniently grouped in one pack... with full planting instructions. Lettuce, beets, carrots, spinach, radishes, parsley. 7 packages in on pack 25 ¢ FENCE YOUR GARDEN WITH PLANTS California Privet 2 years old... 18" high 25 for 89 ¢ 100 for 2.69 Barberry Bushes (red berries) 2 years old... 15" high 10 for 98 ¢ 50 for 3.49 ISLAND PARK GRASS SEED for a beautiful lawn... 5 lbs. 1.19 Mail and phone orders on 1.01 or more. Flower Shop - Street Floor Phone TR 5-5700 Citation Chicago Peter Henderson &amp; Company, "<em>Henderson's 'Victory Vegetable Garden.</em>'" Brooklyn Daily Eagle, March 28, 1943, 11. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Namm's Flower Shop - Plant a Victory Garden! Subject The topic of the resource Victory gardens Community gardens Description An account of the resource Brooklyn Daily Eagle Advertisement promoting Victory Gardens Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Namm's Flower Shop Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943-04-04 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Zhinin Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource png Language A language of the resource English Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Ancestry.com Digital Newspaper Collections (http://www.newspapers.com) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Fair Use advertise brooklyn commerce government market new york city profit sell victory garden world war ii https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/d500573847dd324db6a79e837494e588.jpg cf81440d1d9160c82bda21e5da49f013 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Garra Zhinin and Shira Feldman Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th & 21st Centuries Subject The topic of the resource Community Gardens New York City Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016.12.19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY, except for items where use has been granted by the copyright holder. Please contact copyright holder for collection items still under copyright. Description An account of the resource Both the literal and physical “place” of community gardens in New York City have a long and varied history. This archive is a collection of items that complement the digital exhibit, “Soil, Seeds & Public Space: A Hundred Years of New York City Community Gardens” and seeks to explore four distinct areas of the city’s community garden history. These topics include the Progressive era’s School Garden Movement, World War II era Victory Gardens, community garden activism in the 1970s, and community gardens under the Rudy Guiliani and Mike Bloomberg administrations. Poster a large printed or drawn picture, notice, or advertisement displayed in a public place Materials silkscreen Citation Chicago Bayer, Herbert, Artist, and Sponsor United States Rural Electrification Administration. Grow it yourself Plan a farm garden now. [Nyc: nyc wpa war services, between 1941 and 1943] Image. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/99400959/. (Accessed December 04, 2016.) Text Any textual data included in the document GROW IT YOURSELF PLAN A FARM GARDEN NOW Rural Electrification Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grow It Yourself: Plan a Farm Garden Today Subject The topic of the resource Victory gardens Description An account of the resource Poster for the U.S. Department of Agriculture promoting victory gardens, showing carrots, lettuce, corn, tomatoes, and potatoes growing. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bayer, Herbert, artist United States Rural Electrification Administration, sponsor Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1941-1943 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Angela Zhinin Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpg Language A language of the resource English community garden department of agriculture farm garden government propaganda victory garden world war ii https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/9ef227e564afa99f8ffc58ccdef6983b.png 6240e4ade36bc4fe670f850226d6c081 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Creating the Capital of Capital: New York City's Forgotten Dutch Beginnings Description An account of the resource As the “capital of capital,” New York City’s identity is strongly tied to its position as a center for world trade. This collection and corresponding online exhibition demonstrates the relevance of the city’s little understood and often overlooked predecessor, New Netherland, by exploring the direct and lasting impact of this striving Dutch settlement on the development of New York City as a global economic powerhouse. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2016 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY - You can distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this collection, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit. For more information, click <a title="here" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">here</a>. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 -1664) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago <em>Buttonwood Agreement</em>. Manuscript. From Museum of American Finance. http://www.moaf.org/exhibits/trading_street/index. (accessed November 2016). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buttonwood Agreement Description An account of the resource The Buttonwood Agreement was signed by 24 merchants under a buttonwood tree outside of 68 Wall Street on May 17, 1792. It started the New York Stock & Exchange Board, which later became the New York Stock Exchange. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unidentified Author Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The New-York Historical Society Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1792-05-17 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tracy McFarlan and Kaitlyn Tanis Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant New Netherland (1609 - 1664) Subject The topic of the resource New York (N.Y.)--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 Dutch Americans Economic history--1600-1750 Language A language of the resource English money new amsterdam new netherland trade transaction https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/e36f18f652e6cf8deca68208c3a3d846.gif fda19039680d869b21fa2824c3c2665f https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/55459e8b53887c7ad9fe7818a9abd08a.gif 24547e6982d0e3855de32b331314bc57 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/f54aeb8b17a4624bfeeb93b64b3750d6.gif 6f2827522df03d4738e62df9a087603f https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/dd1282895ac7b4619b673fd7d08065b8.gif 25ac91dc7c102dfc314e5b35252cbafe https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/d37e7ad25cf99a353c9979bcce4ad3f3.gif 6a28b037b644e0ad250d81d4068f294d https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/79ba59bcb24771996468ae3e74a0609b.gif 0c54439ec7f21d48a73c658bc8266176 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago <em>Cotton Report [With Endorsement by Lincoln], February 16, 1863.</em> Manuscript. Library of Congress. http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mal.2175600. Accessed December 4, 2016. Text Any textual data included in the document Washington D. C. Feb 16 1863 The cotton states produced in 1860. -- 5.196.944. bales of gined cotton of 400 lbs each (Census of 1860 Table 6 p 201) The balance of cotton unsold in the states of the crop of 1860. 61. 1861. 62. 1862. 63 is estimated at not less than five millions bales. Under the law of nations permits to trade are granted by the excutive and in all our wars has been the practice of our Goverment. It being a question of trade the Secretary of the Treasury should be authorized to grant these permits not as a favour to paticular individuals but under a general system to be devised by him and sanctioned by the President of the United States. This is perfectly legal and requires no act of Congress to carry it into effect. It is similar to the Mexican Tariff of 1847 prepared by the Secretary of the Treasury addopted and enforced through him by the President and sanctioned and sustained as constitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States. Three agents to carry out this system should be appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury one to reside at New Orleans one at Memphis and one at Beaufort S. C. all acting under the instructions of the Secretary of the Treasury All persons in the loyal states or citizens or residents of foreign countries should through their agents acting under instructions of the Secretary of the Treasury be permitted under general regulations to purchase this cotton as follows viz.-- 1st For our legal tender notes 2d For the rates of the new Banks organized by Congress. 3d For certain articles not contraband of war prescribed under a general order by the Secretary of the Treasury 4th These articles should be of the growth product or manufacture of the loyal states or of Foreign articles which had paid the duties to our Goverment thus realizing a revinue in the South under our Tariff. Many officers of our Army are charged with being engaged in these cotton speculations. Their business is exclusively to fight our battles and their time shold not be occupied nor their attention diverted by transactions in cotton they should simply protect the cotton when brought within our lines. The system should be general so that their should be no favouritism, It should extend to foreign nations as above stated so as to prevent all complaiants and remove all motives for foreign intervention. Besides the sales by Foreigners would have several good effects, 1st To enlist the good wishes of the great manufacturing shipping commercial and working classes of foreign nations in our favour 2d To enable us thus to collect a large revinue in the South under our Tariff 3d To bring back to our Country large sums of Gold from Europe by turning in our favour the balance of trade by the Cotton expert. 4th By depriveing the Southern Confederacy of Cotton which is their only hope to save their finances. 5th By securing hosts of freinds in the South by their becoming interested to mantain our Goverment by receipts of our paper and no other money for this Cotton. By the furnishing a new field for the circulation of our paper the premium on Gold would be reduced. By restoring our manufacture which in 1860 was the value of 115,000.000. (Census Table 33d) the renewal of our cotton manufacture would tend greatley to promote our prosperity restore the public credit and advance the market value of Treasury Notes and stocks. It would -- enable the Goverment to clothe the Army and navy much more cheaply and reduce the price of cotton goods to consumers. Every bale of cotton thus taken from the South weakens them and strengthens us. Trade even during war with an enemy has usually been regulated by executive permits to the extent that such trade has been deemed beneficial to the Country It is beleived that such a policy would greatly hasten the overthrow of the Rebellion.-- [ Endorsed by Lincoln:] A. Cotten programme. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cotton Report [With Endorsement by Lincoln], February 16, 1863 Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects United States--Commerce--History Cotton Description An account of the resource In this report from 1863, an unknown advisor wrote to Lincoln outlining the benefits of continuing to trade for cotton, as well as precautions that would minimize the risk to the war effort. Lincoln endorsed the back of the report as "A. cotten programme." Much of the advice offered here was incorporated into the revised cotton permit system laid out in Proclamation 98. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-02-16 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource gif Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain abraham lincoln civil war confederacy cotton permits