2 10 31 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/5ac96fab7ce36aed866c3f94efa17a42.pdf b185e22a2a6255a49ac3eb6d02220bf0 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/5599aa40f92ea99065ed7bd7fbb3ebc8.pdf a9f4cfdc57eb0c90d55a4107c54e3cd6 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/6c4c46dd6882a417a04024e7c2c873ca.pdf 85b138cbf2e8979155e2dc585cec9d2d https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/01feace032570616dd7eac7fd7117fcd.pdf da1eb643223903796c3d4200fe6d6bcf https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/58ff670a79bc46d5f41141dc6d80570d.pdf 7540c04e1f961f55138b8f9b99f86996 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/efedcaba7680156b40e34f79ec657b75.pdf d2a67e349bd8772305b6365b6e978ce3 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/ca429457f1eb4b7bafebfc563c93f0af.pdf 2fe64ca0c75354c9c8791c86d340fa49 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/1e491761561287ee5fd74bb2518aa354.pdf 83e876719fe2b319d46bd81079da915f https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/cc942311f6bcef4705a707ee4161e291.pdf 2fd02adad425453bb653f07f75ca1c98 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data despatch Text Any textual data included in the document Your despatches Nos. 118, 119, and 120 were received by me on the 21st instant, and yet the contents of 118 and 120 have not, up to this date, been communicated to Mr. Thouvenel. This is owing to the fact that I received notice, on Sunday last, that he would not receive me until Friday next, and I did not feel that the despatches were of a nature to justify a call for a special interview. · In the meantime the Emperor, without application on my part, by a note from his chamberlain, signified to me that he would receive me to-day at 2 p. m. Of course I availed myself of the opportunity, and have just returned from this personal interview. I was most kindly received, and he said at once that he had wished to have a talk with me about cotton, and the prospect of opening our ports. He spoke again of the great inconvenience connected with the existing condition of things, and feared it would not speedily come to an end; that the war might yet be a long one. He referred, too, to the probability of the south's destroying its cotton, &c. These, of course, are old matters, and I refer to them only as coming now directly from his Majesty. In reply, I thanked him for the opportunity of a direct personal conference, and assured him again of the confidence of our government in the early suppression of the insurrection. As to the burning of the cotton I told him that it might be, and doubtless would be, done, to a limited extent, but that little confidence was to be placed, in my judgment, upon the blustering resolutions and loud talk of southern people upon this subject; that I did not doubt, if we got possession of the country, enough of cotton would remain to supply the present European want. I then read to him your despatches 118 and 120. He was aware that an army and fleet were on their way by sea to New Orleans, and asked, if we took that city, whether I thought they would then get a supply of cotton. I told him I had little doubt of it; that you had always represented that when we took possession of the country in which the ports were located the blockade would be removed, I thought that cotton, to a considerable extent, would come forward. I then called his attention particularly to the suggestion in the latter part of your confidential despatch No. 120. I told him we honestly believed that if a proclamation by France and England withdrawing. belligerent rights from that it was the moral support only which that concession had given them that had sustained them so far; that they had always looked to it as a first step towards their final recognition as an independent power. If the concession were withdrawn, I believed, as an equivalent, the blockade would be raised at an early day. He said the concession of belligerent rights was made upon an understanding with England; that some legal questions were involved in it originally, and that he would have to speak to Mr. Thouvenel about them. I called his attention to tHe fact that the confederate flag had been scarcely, if at all, seen in a port of France; that they had almost no commerce upon the ocean and scarcely the pretence of a navy; that the two vessels; (Nashville and Sumter,) which had alone been in European waters, had demeaned themselves as pirates rather than as ships-of-war; that a withdrawal of belligerent rights would, under these circumstances, take from the south no material advantage; it would only deprive them of the countenance and moral support of other nations. The Emperor replied that he must frankly say, when the insurrection broke out aµd this concession of belligerent rights was made, be did not suppose the north would succeed; that it was the general belief of statesmen in Europe that the two sections would never come together again. This belief, he intimated, was· a principal reason why this concession of belligerent rights was then granted. He said now it was a large country, and for that reason difficult to subdue. I told him ( as I had before told Mr. Thouvenel, in answer to the same objection) that we did not need to seize hold of a man's entire body to control him; that if. we grasped firrnly any sensitive extremities it was enough; that he had controlled Russia for the time being by taking possession of Sebastopol. I then called his attention to the few ports in the south, and the effect of seizing and holding them--from the outer world the people of the interior, whose entire surplus industry was devoted to raising articles for export. This advantage, in connexion with the fact of the unquestionable existence of a large Union element in parts of the south, would, I thought, bring· them into the Union again. Without expressing any opinion upon these matters, he said he would think of them, but hoped in the meantime that something would be done by us to relieve the difficulties here growing out of the want of cotton. I have heretofore expressed my earnest and perhaps somewhat urgent wish that this hope may be realized. I am, sir, your obedient servant, WM. L. DAYTON Citation Chicago Dayton, William. William L. Dayton to William H. Seward, Paris. March 25, 1862. Despatches, France, State Department Correspondence, National Archives, Washington. Records of the Department of State, Record Group 59. Microfilm publication: M34 Despatches from U.S. Ministers to France, 1789-1906, Roll 54, Despatch #129. Letter cited in Chapter 9 of Empire of Cotton: A Global History by Sven Beckert. New York: Vintage Books, 2015. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource State Department Despatch to William Seward from William Dayton Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Foreign public opinion, British, French France--History--19th century Description An account of the resource State Department dispatch to William Seward from William Dayton, recounting Louis Napoleon III's desperation to procure cotton for France. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource William Dayton, U.S. Minister to France during Civil War. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Records of the Department of State, National Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1862-03-25 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English civil war cotton france napoleon III william dayton william seward https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/32451a41ffe7aae9cd62d2a351e340f1.pdf 112b55cadac41b1c6f3479f564e7a6e9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Periodical Newspaper Article Producer Name (or names) of the person who produced the video New York Herald Citation Chicago F. G. Ruffin and S. B. Brewer. "The Rebellion Startling Deselosures in the History of War Proposals of Northern Men to Feed the Rebel Armies Cotton." New York Herald. July 21, 1865. America's Historical Newspapers. Accessed December 16, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Official Report of the Rebel Commissary Department Subject The topic of the resource Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Confederate States of America--Commerce Description An account of the resource The New York Herald published the testimony of Confederate officer regarding the effects of the official cotton trade between the Union and the Confederacy. According to the transcript, the cotton trade directly prolonged the war by giving the Confederacy access to vital supplies, particularly bacon. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource F. G. Ruffin and S. B. Brewer Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived America's Historical Newspapers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1865-07-21 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyrighted by NewsBank and/or the American Antiquarian Society. 2004. Reproduced here under Fair Use. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English civil war confederacy corruption cotton cotton permits https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/a0fd39de82d125415f7a53775cb3f3d5.pdf d177ad770e4f1f22f165d46284ca29c4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Periodical Newspaper Article Producer Name (or names) of the person who produced the video Providence Post (republished in the Columbian Register) Citation Chicago "[From the Providence Post]." Columbian Register. August 17, 1861. America's Historical Newspapers. Accessed December 13, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Untitled editorial from the Providence Post Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton New England Great Britain--History--19th century Description An account of the resource This editorial, originally from the Providence Post but reprinted in the Columbian Register, discussed views on abolition in England. The correspondent asserted that the British care more for a stable cotton supply than the freedom of the slaves and further claim that abolition would also bring "certain ruin to New England, as well as great injury to Old England." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived America's Historical Newspapers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1861-08-17 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This entire product and/or portions thereof are copyrighted by NewsBank and/or the American Antiquarian Society. 2004. Reproduced here under Fair Use. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP civil war cotton great britain manufacturing new england slavery https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/8a49c217bb433f25365f772d41499ad0.pdf aba2bbdb1d12ea58a36fd0ed81462ef1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Periodical Newspaper Article Producer Name (or names) of the person who produced the video New-York Daily Tribune Citation Chicago "Mills Stopped." New-York Daily Tribune. June 08, 1863. America's Historical Newspapers. Accessed December 13, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mills Stopped Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton New England Description An account of the resource News article reporting the closing of textile mills in Fall River, MA. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived America's Historical Newspapers. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-08-06 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This entire product and/or portions thereof are copyrighted by NewsBank and/or the American Antiquarian Society. 2004. Reproduced here under Fair Use. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English cotton manufacturing new england https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/57289af9a3e99741515f1eeed6eddd3e.pdf 736e4d4efa47dc4d4ca28a2d76c15833 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Periodical Newspaper Article Producer Name (or names) of the person who produced the video New York Herald Citation Chicago "The War in New England Statistical Accounts of the Amount of Cotton on Hand in the Several Corporations." The New York Herald. December 26, 1861. America's Historical Newspapers. Accessed December 13, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The War in New England Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton New England Description An account of the resource This report from the New York Herald examined the economic impact of the war on New England. While many factories shut down because of the cotton shortage, the article reported that textile workers were gainfully employed as newly enlisted soldiers (men) or in the home (women). Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived America's Historical Newspapers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1861-26-12 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This entire product and/or portions thereof are copyrighted by NewsBank and/or the American Antiquarian Society. 2004. Reproduced here under Fair Use. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English civil war cotton manufacturing new england https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/90118abdadcd0d3c86f17b9620ea4acf.jpg 4afc65be2b8d3057112631cd59bc1348 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Periodical Newspaper Article Producer Name (or names) of the person who produced the video Harper's Weekly Citation Chicago "Memphis Under the Stars and Stripes," Harper's Weekly. July 05, 1862. HarpWeek. Accessed December 12, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memphis Under the Stars and Stripes Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton Description An account of the resource In this account of the occupation of Memphis by Federal troops, the correspondent emphasized the loyalty of the locals and their eagerness to trade. He described stores of cotton and sugar hidden from the Confederates brought out to be sold in Union markets. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived HarpWeek Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1862-07-05 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright HarpWeek, LLC, reproduced here under Fair Use. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Language A language of the resource English civil war confederacy cotton https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/eb71e3481abb461bdac370ec64cd640f.jpg 99a351fdbd1477fc2d0c601d1571e86c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Drawing/Painting A image created by an artist by hand using elements such as paint, pencil, etc. Materials Wood engraving. Citation Chicago The levee at Memphis, Tenn.-Hauling sugar and cotton from their hiding-places for shipment north / sketched by Mr. Alex Simplot. 1862. Image. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/95504268/. (Accessed December 12, 2016.) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The levee at Memphis, Tenn. Subject The topic of the resource Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Description An account of the resource Engraving for Harper's Weekly of cotton and sugar brought out to be sold after the fall of Memphis to the Union Army. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alex Simplot Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1862-07-05 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Language A language of the resource English civil war confederacy cotton https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/ac723460d99326c93d9d913e3808a932.pdf 479b0d747c178a7dcfd309c3f1984081 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/9485ae80d15135982184480ae7e1f7d4.pdf 75c5ac7743d13b855784b307678d93af https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/ed261fab847019556b44010336e4ce07.pdf ef18e46e3e0bfbb82b11a746e9dba0bc https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/b650f39c3c997ac09318a20142926523.pdf ae992ade14dcbe5535d403641927f680 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Rathbone letter Description An account of the resource A letter from William Rathbone to his son, noting distress among the poor in Liverpool Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource William Rathbone https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/02f5fa497cdfc0829d7d309f7f6c1b64.pdf 1061893e05c5664ad8e8d5b689c8a090 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/cdfc0fea1a25bab8321bcacc3f75bb79.pdf 9f36841da5a041edea5266b5a446c3d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Citation Chicago Rathbone, William. “William Rathbone V to William Rathbone VI, March 4, 1862." Letter. From University of Liverpool Library, Special Collections & Archives, "Rathbone Papers, 1721-1971.” Letter cited in Chapter 9 of Empire of Cotton: A Global History by Sven Beckert. New York: Vintage Books, 2015. Text Any textual data included in the document Excerpt: The distress among the poor here and in the manufacturing districts is great, and I fear on the increase. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter from William Rathbone V to William Rathbone VI Subject The topic of the resource Great Britain--History--19th century Liverpool (England)--Politics and government United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 Description An account of the resource A letter from William Rathbone V, a wealthy Liverpool merchant and politician, to his son William Rathbone VI, noting distress among the poor in Liverpool. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource William Rathbone V Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University of Liverpool Special Collections & Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1862-03-04 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Reproduction here courtesy of University of Liverpool Special Collections & Archives. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English civil war england liverpool william rathbone V william rathbone VI https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/07be1371d68abce8fae4ae326f6ab026.jpg 0e59bd72aed9c9244d18aa088c4f3103 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/efe317826c2eb24f9eac4662cbf0a21f.gif 73b0814dc5a97568fde46beefe4c150d https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/8d1e01c05ad797e0c48e2f60fff8190a.gif 09ac03a8242b005bb31c74bad71256c0 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/2be61621b0cfb19eea9c219fad6fbc0d.gif 9dfa2b9b2418c201913c34d3270e0e66 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Text Any textual data included in the document Head Quarters, Army of the Tenn, Before Vicksburg Feby 19th 1863. Dear Sir When I left you in November I intended, according to my promise to have written you much sooner in reference to the Cotton question; but constant engagements have prevented. I came from Memphis in charge of the transports of this fleet, and have been with the army ever since; and had a good opportunity for observation and testing the correctness of the opinions I expressed to you. The result of my observations and conversations with those best able to judge correctly fully confirms me in the correctness of the ground assumed and presented by you to the Cabinet when I last saw you, and it is a matter of surprise to all our nonspeculating Officers here that nothing has been done by the Government to correct these great and palpably existing evils and to take the direct control of so important a subject. The objects of such interference being: 1st To prevent the demoralization of the Army, the wrongs constantly committed by unprincipled cotton speculators, and the introduction of Contraband of war; 2nd To obtain Cotton for commerce; 3rd As the rebellion has advanced the price of cotton, to secure such advance to the Government to go towards defraying the expenses of the war. There are other minor objects, but these are the leading ones.-- The means proposed are: 1st Declare that all the Cotton between the Gulf and the Ohio River belongs either to the Government or the producer, and that no one can move the Cotton from those limits except the Government; 2nd Fix upon a price to be paid for Cotton at certain points -- say for example at Memphis fifteen (15) cents -- and a like sum at other adjacent places, less the cost of transportation to Memphis, and pay that in Government funds to all who will voluntarily sell; 3rd Declare that unless Cotton is voluntarily brought out for sale it will be seized and not paid for; 4th Ship all Cotton to certain points -- say that from the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi above Vicksburgh (till the river is open to New Orleans) to Cairo and then sell it at public vendue on a certain day in each week, giving everybody an opportunity to purchase 5th Keep an accurate accounts of all purchases and remit same with nett proceeds weekly to the Treasury Department. That something should promptly be done on this subject by the Government, I do not think admits of a doubt in the minds of those here best advised, and most capable of judging correctly and honestly. As to the details of the mode of doing it there might be a variety of opinions, but all agree on the main point viz: that Government must assume the ownership or control of all Cotton not in the hands of the producer, and that no other parties must be allowed to transport the article beyond the prescribed limits. That of itself puts an end to most of the existing evils. There is then no longer any temptation to the Officers of the Army to swerve from their duty to obtain unjust gain. The temptations to the unprincipled speculator to introduce contraband of war is then also almost equally removed, as he ceases to get his pay in cotton at such temptingly low rates. The idea that free trade should always go wherever the flag goes is as I think an error. When the authority of the Government and laws is fully restored this will do, but not till then; and I think all well advised persons will tell you that an endless amount of rascality is the result of opening trade to Memphis and Helena, with no corresponding good. The fact is the people at and below Memphis are generally unmitigated rebels, and all the efforts to moderate their madness by the allurements of trade have been entirely unsuccessful. Experience shows that the inconvenience and sufferings from lack of trade have a much better tendency. The only way is to crush the rebellion by the force of our arms and till that is done it is useless to try and coax the people into loyalty with the prospects of an abundance of Coffee and Salt. How much Cotton will be brought out under this plan might be a question, but if the amount is not large the wrong prevented will be an ample compensation for the effort. If some such plan is not adopted I should say; then open the trade entirely and let any and everybody come in and purchase cotton, and not confine the business to the few fortunate enough to get permits subject to the charge of favoritism and to be a source of annoyance to our commanding Generals. I know I but express the earnest wish of our leading Officers when I say that something decisive should be promptly done, and that all the temporary plans have been so far worse than failures. I venture the opinion that you could not more gratify such Officers as Generals Grant, Sherman, McClernand, Steel, Morgan &c., &c., than to shut out all cotton sharpers who are a source of ceaseless trouble and interruption to their pressing official duties. The Treasury or War Departments can certainly find some proper man to put in charge and try the plan; and surely the business could not be worse managed than at present. A little experience would no doubt suggest improvements As I told you in W. I do not wish nor would I willingly consent in anyway to be connected with it. On the contrary, I desire and hope soon to be transfered to the Army in the field and get out of the Quarter-Masters Department and all like service. Very Respectfully Lewis B. Parsons [ Endorsed on Envelope by Lincoln:] Lewis B. Parsons on the Cotten question. Citation Chicago Parsons, Lewis B. Lewis B. Parsons to Montgomery Blair, Thursday, February 19, 1863 (Cotton question). Letter. Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/218/2184500/malpage.db&recNum=0. Accessed December 11, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lewis B. Parsons to Montgomery Blair, Thursday, February 19, 1863 Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Description An account of the resource Quartermaster Lewis B. Parsons wrote to share his observations of the cotton trade in occupied territory. Considering the widespread speculation in cotton among officers, he recommended that all cotton be declared the property of either the federal government or the producer, which Parsons believed would "puts an end to most of the existing evils." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lewis B. Parsons Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-02-19 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource gif Language A language of the resource English abraham lincoln civil war confederacy cotton cotton permits https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/423483186a5aa0242775fb1e39232db7.jpg 96701e238d46ef17ffe2f234b83f4fd8 https://aphnyu.org/creatingdigitalhistory/fall2016/files/original/e34eb77b6fa8b7d0b5a0433965daa29c.gif bf77fffb874de50a71695e7a57705989 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trading with the Enemy: Cotton Permits, Smuggling, and Speculation in the Civil War Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Alison Burke and Phyllis Plitch Description An account of the resource Throughout the Civil War, President Lincoln and his administration were vexed by the issue of cotton. An essential raw material for industrial enterprise, cotton (and its sudden scarcity) threatened the Union war effort. The letters, newspaper articles, and government records in this collection reveal an administration grappling with the simultaneous need to starve the Confederacy of resources and increase the available supply of cotton. The ultimate solution, a "cotton permit" system, was vulnerable to cronyism and abuse, leading Congress to declare that "it is believed to have led to the prolongation of the war, and to have cost the country thousands of lives and millions upon million in treasure." Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY Manuscript Written document. Text Any textual data included in the document New Orleans, 18. December 1863. Sir: I concur in the opinion so generally entertained, that it is for the interest of the country to deplete the Rebel territory of that species of property, which is made the basis of credit for the Rebel govememt with foreign nations-- But great care is neccessary to avoid an injury to ourselves in the operation-- Unless the ultimate and final disposition of the proceeds of this property be ascertained we may find that the munitions of war furnshed to the Rebels -- and the pirates -- that prey upon our commerce -- may be paid for, and supported by Rebel products passing throgh our hands to the markets of the world. No commercial advantages -- can counterbalance so great a wrong as this-- In april I recconded that the cotton in western & northern Louisiana, be allowed to find a market, one half, or 50. per centum of the proceeds of sales, being retained by the Governemt: but the Secretary of War, thought it then inexpedient, to adopt this policy. The agents selected for the execution of the plan proposed -- should be designated by the General governemt-- These two points guarded, -- protection from public injury by the mis-appropiation of the proceeds, of the sale of this property & the selection of proper agents if it cannot be made a general trade.-- I see no objection to the proposal made by the Treasury Agents of the Department I have the honor to be With high respect Your Obendt Servt N. P. Banks M. G. C Citation Chicago Banks, Nathaniel P. Nathaniel P. Banks to Abraham Lincoln, Friday, December 18, 1863 (Cotton trade). Letter. Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal2/426/4267700/malpage.db&recNum=0. Accessed December 11, 2016. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nathaniel P. Banks to Abraham Lincoln, Friday, December 18, 1863 Subject The topic of the resource United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects Cotton United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Confiscations and contributions Description An account of the resource Major General Nathaniel P. Banks wrote to Lincoln in late 1863 to urge caution in the cotton trade. Banks was adamant that no amount of profit could counterbalance the certain wrong of finding "the munitions of war furnshed [sic] to the Rebels." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nathaniel P. Banks Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1863-12-18 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource AB, PP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg/gif Language A language of the resource English abraham lincoln civil war confederacy cotton